III. Atelier — Folios, Patronage & Provenance
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Akbar's atelier did not merely paint —
it manufactured the imperial record,
folio by gold-bordered folio.

In forty-nine years on the throne, one hundred and seventeen named master-painters produced more than four thousand surviving illustrated leaves — a quantity no later Mughal workshop, nor any Persian court before it, would ever exceed in a single reign.

Surviving illustrated folios · Akbar reign
4,127f.
attributed to the imperial karkhana,
1556–1605
+ 247% vs. Humayun reign
117 Named master painters
1,400 Hamzanama commissions
22 Persian masters imported
95 Hindu Rajput masters

Folios produced by imperial reign

  • Surviving illustrated folios
  • Manuscript commissions