III · The Mineral Ledger Folio 07 / 12
What the pigment costs

Gold leaf is rare — but lapis is the true expense.

TOTAL OUTLAY ₹4.7L per commission
Share of material cost — single paubha commission
Lapis-lazuli ultramarine — ground stone 44%
Gold leaf — hairline outlining & medallions 27%
Cinnabar vermilion — deity field & borders 18%
Malachite green — lotus rings & ground 11%
Source: Patan workshop pigment ledgers, 1860–1895 · sample of 41 commissioned paubha Bindu Atelier 07 / 12
This is the Kathmandu Tantric Mandala design system, applied by Curio Design — a design-style library for AI agents. Full Kathmandu Tantric Mandala guide → designbycurio.com/learn/kathmandu-kumari-mandala-tantric