At the edge of a birchbark sheet, the first mark is not decoration. It is a decision about where one presence ends and another begins. In a 1968 studio note, the painter’s black contours keep orange, turquoise, and yellow cells in conversation rather than letting them dissolve into atmosphere.

Colour stays put; meaning moves

That discipline changes how we read a page. A copper field can hold a body, a line can pass through it, and a small opening can turn a closed figure into a route. The result is bright without being polished: pigment sits on the support, while the formlines make every connection legible.